LONEITUTE THIAN
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
I. NIHAWI TICHHE TUTE
A. India ram pum huapa nihawi eichhetu rannung leh natna
1. Rannung
1) A tuihnang dawttu katnelh (Jasids, Amrasca sp)
2) A tuihnang dawttu var sep sep (Whitefly, Bemisia sp)
2. Natna
1) A hnah val (Alternaria leaf spot, Alternaria helianthi)
2) A hnah hnuai lam phut (Rust, Puccinia helianthi)
3) Vutbuak (Powdery Mildew, Erysiphe cichoracearum)
B. Mizoram-a Nihawi eichhetu rannung, sava, natna leh hnim
1. Rannung
1) A kuhmum eitu pangang (American bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera)
2) A hnah eitu pangang (Tobacco Caterpillar, Spodoptera litura)
3) Pangang hmul (Bihar hairy caterpiller, Spilosoma obliqua)
4) A hnah leh a zik ei rangtu (Thrips)
5) Khapdiau hring (Green semihooper, Trichopusia spp)
6) A tiak sehchhumtu pangang (Cutworm, Agrotis spp)
2. Sava Vaki
3. Natna
1) A par tawih (Head rot, Rhizopus sp.)
2) A zung tawih (Root rot, Sclerotium rolfisii, Rhizoctonia bataticola)
3) A zik thi (Sunflower Necrosis)
4) Vutbuak (Downy mildew, Plasmopara halstedii)
4. Hnim
Thang, di, phungladin, hnahbial, hnahbial zam chi etc.
5. Thlairulhut
Nihawi zung sawrbawk (Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita)
II. NIHAWI EICHHETU RANNUNG, NATNA LEH RANNUNGTHA THLI THLAI
Ni 15 dan zelah nihawi hmun tlawh la, eng ang rannung leh natna nge awma, eng ang rannungtha leh maimawm nge awm tih thlithlai ang che. Nihawi chinna hmun hrang hrang a tam thei ang ber tlawh la, hectare khata zauah a chuklakin hmun 10 tlawh tur thlang la, hmuntinah Nihawi kung 10 tal chik takin en ang che. A tuihnang dawttu var kat sep sep (whitefly) te, a tuihnang damtu katnelh (jassids) te a zik leh hnahno eirangtu (thrips) chu nihawi zik lama a hnah 6 chik takin en la, engzata tam nge awm tih hriat tum la. Nihawi kung engzat nge vutbuak natnain a tlak-buak tih pawh chhiar ang che. Nihawi kuhmum, a par leh a hnah eichhetu pangang chi hnih, helicoverpa amigera leh Spodoptera litura te nihawi hmuna an awm leh Pherornone thang 10, a chuklakin hung ang che. Zingah lungphur thlahtu tla chu laka, eng ang chi nge tih hriat hnuah tihhlum tur a ni.
III. RANNUNG HLAUAWM CHIN HRIATNA ETL
| 1 | A tuihnang dawttu var kat sep sep (whhitefly) | Nihawi hnah pakhata a note (nymph) 20-a awmin or Nihawi hnah pakhata a puitling, thlawk thei tawh 8-10 a awmin |
| 2 | A tui hnang dawttu katnelh (jassids) | Nihawi kung khata katnelh 15-20 a awmin |
| 3 | Pangang Helicoverpa armigera | Pheromone thang pakhata lungphur thlahtu 5-6 a tlakin. |
| 4 | Pangang Spodoptera litura | Pheromone thang pakhata lungphur thlahtu 5-6 a tlakin. |
IV. IPM HMAN TURTE
A. Loneitu thiam sa:
1) Nipui laia thuk deuh hleka lei lehphut.
2) Fai taka Nihawi hmun thlawh.
3) Vutbuak natna do thei Nihawi chi tha-LSH 1, 3&12, chin.
4) Natna hrik laka fihlim Nihawi chi tha chauh chin.
5) Fur laia Nihawi chin dawn chuan June kar thumna velah a chi tuh tur a ni a, thlasik laia chin dawn chuan September-ah a chi tuh tur a ni
6) Nihawi tiak sehchhumtu (zanah) pangang (Cutworm) tamnaah chuan Nihawi chu lei rih pawn ( ridges) ah a chi tuh tur a ni.
B. Hmanraw dang hman
1) Vutbuak natna leh a zikthi natna (necrosis) in a tihchhiat Nihawi kung chu pawh a, hal ral tur.
2) Vaki leh choak hlauh siama, nihawi hmunah khai/dah tur.
C. Rannungtha leh thilnung tangkai hman
1. Humhalh
1) Rannungtha-Maimawm, Uifawm, Khuavanglamdar, Daidep, Cotesia spp, Anthocorids, Chrysopa, leh thlangdar tangkai te hi an rem loh nan humhalh tur a ni a, hemi atan hian a tul tawpkhawkah lo chuan rannung thahna hlo kah mai mai loh tur a ni.
2) Pangang leh rannung dang ei/chuk thin sava fuk nan Nihawi hmunah kraws anga siam,nihawi kung aia sang, thing/mau Phun tur a ni, hectare khatah a chuklakin sava fukna 15 Phun tur a ni. A par hunah erawh chuan sava fukna hi senghawi vek tur.
2. Inthlahpun tira hman tangkai
1) Tuh hmain Nihawi chi Ikg leh Tichoderma harzianum or T. viride 4gm nuaipawlh tur.
2) Pangang suatnan NPV @ 250 LE, hectare khatah kah tur.
3) Pangang ( Spodoptera) suat nan Bt (K), hectare khatah 1 kg kah tur.
4) Nihawi tet laiin Chrysoperla carnea chu a kung pakhatah a note (larva) 1-2 chhuah tur.
5) Thlai rulhut suat nan, lei lehphut tawh-ah, ran ek leh hnim tawih thehdarh rualin Verticillium chlonydosporium, 2 kg chu hectare khatah leiah phul tur a ni, chumi hnu lawk chuan tui pek tur.
3. Nihawi eichhetu rannung leh rannung tha inbuktawk dan:
An inbuk tawk dan hriat hi rannungthahnahlo kah a tul leh tul loh hriat nan a pawimawh hle.
Rannungtha leh maimawm an tam chuan rannung thahna hlo kah loh tur a ni.
D. Rannung thahna hlo leh natna damdawi hman
IPM hnuaia thlai ven nana thil pathum pawimawh tak Chu: a tul tak tak hunah chauh, fimkhur taka mamawh tawk chauh rannung thahna hlo leh damdawi kah hi a ni. A tawpkhawka rannung thahna hlo leh damdawi hman a ngaih chang pawhin boruak, tui leh leilung tana him dam, thlai hriselna ngaihtuah chunga, rannung leh natna in a hlauhawm chin ETL an thlen hunah chauh rannungtha humhalh chunga rannung thahna hlo hi a tlem thei ang ber kah tur a ni.
1) Tuh hmain Nihawi chi 1 kg leh Captan/Thiram/Carbendazim 3gm nen nuaipawlh tur a ni, tichuan a hnah val natna (alternaria blight) lakah a him deuh.
2) Vutbuak natna laka a him theih nan, tuh hmain Nihawi chi 1kg leh Metalaxyl 35 WP, 6gm nen nuaipawlh tur a ni.
3) Nihawi tuihnang dawttu rannung suat nan Phosphamidon @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh or Dimethoate @ 3 ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur.
4) Pangang suat nan Dimecron 40EC @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawpawlh or Dichlorvos @ 2ml leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur.
5) A hnah rau laka nihawi ven nan Mancozeb 75WP @ 3gm leh tui 1 litre chawhpawlh kah tur.
E. Hnim suat/Hlo thlawh
Nihawi kung tliak leh a tiak sehchhumtu pangang (cutworm) laka Nihawi a him theih nan a chi tuh atanga kar 3-na atangin hlo thlawh tur a ni a, vawihnih thlawh rualin nihawi kung kha rihvur tur a ni.
F. Sazu suat
1) Sazu-in a luahlai ngei a kua chu hriat chian hnuah laih chhiat vek tur.
2) Sazu tur Bromadiolone 0.005% Cake, a tlang lian chu a tlang te 6 ah phel a, tlang khat zel sazu kua pakhatah vawm luh tur a ni.